The Difference Between Hedge Fund vs Private Equity
Hedge funds are alternative investments that use pooled funds and employ different strategies to generate returns for investors. The goal of a hedge fund is to generate the highest possible investment return as quickly as possible. Hedge funds focus on maximizing short-term profits. Hedge funds cater to accredited investors because they require less SEC regulation than other funds.
Private equity funds, on the other hand, are similar to venture capital firms in that they invest directly in companies primarily through the acquisition of privately held companies, but they also seek to obtain control of public companies through the purchase of shares. They often use leveraged buyouts to acquire financially distressed companies. Unlike hedge funds, which focus on short-term gains, private equity funds focus on the long-term potential of a portfolio of companies to invest in or acquire.
The Primary Distinctions Between Private Equity and Hedge Funds
a) Private equity funds are investment funds usually owned by limited partnerships that acquire and restructure unlisted companies. In contrast, hedge funds are privately owned, pool investors' money, and invest in financial instruments with complex portfolios.
b)Private equity funds invest in companies that can generate higher returns over the long term. Hedge funds, by contrast, are used to invest in assets that have a high ROI, or return on investment, in the short term. Investors in private equity funds have a higher level of control over their operations and asset management, while hedge funds have a lower level of control over their assets.
c) Hedge funds are primarily for liquid assets, so investors can usually withdraw their investment in the fund at any time. In contrast, the long-term nature of private equity funds typically requires investors to commit funds for a minimum period of at least three to five years, often seven to ten years.
d)There are also significant differences in risk levels between hedge funds and private equity funds. Both manage risk by combining more risky and safer assets, but the hedge fund's focus on maximizing short-term returns is inevitably associated with higher levels of risk.
e)Hedge funds and private equity typically require large assets, ranging from $100,000 to over $1 million per investor. Hedge funds then freeze those funds for a few months to a year, and investors cannot withdraw their funds until that period has passed. This lockup period allows the fund to properly allocate these funds to investments in strategies, which may take time. Private equity funds have much longer lockup periods, for example, 3, 5, or 7 years. This is because private equity investments are illiquid, and it takes time for investment firms to turn things around.
f)Most hedge funds are open-ended. This means investors can continuously add or redeem shares at any time. Private equity funds, meanwhile, are closed. This means that no new funds can be invested after the start-up period has ended.
Why Hedge Funds Fail
The average hedge fund manager makes three times more profit than any other type of fund. Why is that? Hedge funds use options, leverage, short selling, and other investment strategies to generate higher returns. There are risks, but the benefits are well worth it. However, hedge funds are a double-edged sword; they can bring you the biggest gains, but they can also bring you the biggest losses. Remember:
I don't want to stop you from starting a fund in the first place! To avoid falling into the same pitfalls, I want to give you some reasons why it might fail.
The first mistake aspiring hedge fund managers make is not preparing enough for their expenses. They don't cover their expenses! Operational costs such as transaction fees, margin requirements, and payment management are not reasonably anticipated! Fund managers underestimate their costs. To avoid this, the fund manager recommends having a two-year cash runway before launch. Think about it:
You could buy a property with a high-interest rate and no down payment, but you're bound to run into unexpected problems. Set a reasonable budget and leave enough for unforeseen expenses.
Underestimation is a problem, but overestimation is just as big. Fund managers sometimes overvalue their positions. Don't fall into the trap! A long-term capital management example:
The founder traded his 30-year bonds against 29.75 Russian bonds. They went all in, and he secured $21.5 billion, but it all depended on the market. And you guessed it right. The market collapsed, and the long had to cover the short, with him at 29.75. In no time, they lost over 44 percent of their assets. To offset the huge losses, the government, along with other hedge fund managers, stepped in to buy positions to avoid complete market failure. Don’t overestimate your position.
Always have a backup plan. You cannot keep away from risk. You could, however, put yourself up for it. The unpredictable is unpredictable. Successful hedge funds need well-informed, risk-taking managers, but overconfidence can ruin a fund.
One final consideration:
People ask me, "How long does it last?" Does it ever reset? As I always say, "You are the fund manager; you decide.” However, you don't normally reset your high, which will persist for the lifetime of the hedge fund. It's there to protect your investors from double payouts.